ESP32-点亮OLED屏幕

本文以ESP32-S3N16R8为例，介绍如何使用SSD1306驱动128x64的oled单色屏幕。

效果

画面显示一个不断旋转的立方体，并显示帧率。

使用SSD1306驱动oled屏幕

连线

ESP32-S3 (引脚定义)    ➔    SSD1306 OLED屏幕
-----------------------------------------
  GPIO11 (OLED_DIN)    ➔     MOSI/D1 (数据输入)
  GPIO12 (OLED_CLK)    ➔     SCK/D0 (时钟信号)
  GPIO16 (OLED_DC)     ➔     DC (数据/命令选择)
  GPIO17 (OLED_RST)    ➔     RES (复位信号)
  GPIO10 (OLED_CS)     ➔     CS (片选信号)
      3.3V             ➔     VCC (电源正极)
      GND              ➔     GND (电源负极)

代码

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64

#define OLED_DIN   11
#define OLED_CLK   12
#define OLED_DC    16
#define OLED_RST   17
#define OLED_CS    10

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, OLED_DIN, OLED_CLK, OLED_DC, OLED_RST, OLED_CS);

// 3D立方体参数
struct Point2D { float x, y; };
struct Point3D { float x, y, z; };
const int CUBE_SIZE = 10;  // 立方体边长
Point3D cube[] = {
  {-1, -1, -1}, {1, -1, -1}, {1, 1, -1}, {-1, 1, -1},
  {-1, -1, 1},  {1, -1, 1},  {1, 1, 1},  {-1, 1, 1}
};

// 旋转参数
float angleX = 0, angleY = 0, angleZ = 0;
const float ROTATION_SPEED = 0.02;

// 帧率计算
unsigned long frameCount = 0;
unsigned long lastFPSUpdate = 0;
float fps = 0;

// 3D到2D投影（正交投影）
Point3D project(Point3D point) {
  return {
    point.x * CUBE_SIZE + SCREEN_WIDTH/2,
    point.y * CUBE_SIZE + SCREEN_HEIGHT/2 + 5, // 中心向下加上5像素的偏移
    point.z
  };
}

// 绕X轴旋转
void rotateX(Point3D &p, float angle) {
  float y = p.y;
  p.y = y * cos(angle) - p.z * sin(angle);
  p.z = y * sin(angle) + p.z * cos(angle);
}

// 绕Y轴旋转
void rotateY(Point3D &p, float angle) {
  float x = p.x;
  p.x = x * cos(angle) - p.z * sin(angle);
  p.z = x * sin(angle) + p.z * cos(angle);
}

// 绕Z轴旋转
void rotateZ(Point3D &p, float angle) {
  float x = p.x;
  p.x = x * cos(angle) - p.y * sin(angle);
  p.y = x * sin(angle) + p.y * cos(angle);
}

// 绘制立方体
void drawCube() {
  // 存储投影后的2D点坐标
  Point2D screenPoints[8];

  // 旋转并投影所有顶点
  for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
    Point3D tp = cube[i];
    rotateX(tp, angleX);
    rotateY(tp, angleY);
    rotateZ(tp, angleZ);
    Point3D proj = project(tp);
    screenPoints[i] = { (int)proj.x, (int)proj.y };
  }

  // 定义12条边（顶点索引对）
  const int edges[12][2] = {
    {0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {3,0}, // 前面
    {4,5}, {5,6}, {6,7}, {7,4}, // 后面
    {0,4}, {1,5}, {2,6}, {3,7}  // 连接面
  };

  // 绘制所有边
  for (auto &edge : edges) {
    Point2D p1 = screenPoints[edge[0]];
    Point2D p2 = screenPoints[edge[1]];
    display.drawLine(p1.x, p1.y, p2.x, p2.y, SSD1306_WHITE);
  }
}

void setup() {
  display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC);
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
}

void loop() {
  unsigned long frameStart = millis();
  
  display.clearDisplay();
  
  // 绘制立方体
  drawCube();
  
  // 更新旋转角度
  angleX += ROTATION_SPEED;
  angleY += ROTATION_SPEED * 0.7;
  angleZ += ROTATION_SPEED * 0.3;
  
  // 显示帧率
  display.setCursor(0, 0);
  display.print("FPS:");
  display.print(fps, 1);
  
  display.display();
  frameCount++;
  
  // 计算帧率
  if (millis() - lastFPSUpdate >= 1000) {
    fps = frameCount * 1000.0 / (millis() - lastFPSUpdate);
    lastFPSUpdate = millis();
    frameCount = 0;
  }
}